IoT Explained: What It Is, How It Works, Why It Matters

The Internet of Things: What Is IoT?

Let’s start with the question, what is IoT? According to the Internet, it’s “the interconnection via the Internet of computing devices embedded in everyday objects, enabling them to send and receive data.” At a consumer level, these devices can be placed in our cars, phones, appliances, medical equipment, wristbands, livestock and more. At an industrial level, these devices can be in machinery, shipping equipment, vehicles, robots, warehouses and more. But where the devices are located matters less than what they do. And what they do is “talk” to each other, sharing data and getting feedback based on that data and all the other data that is being generated, analyzed and acted on.

How It Works: Internet of Things Applications

Perhaps the best way to explain how IoT works is to take a look at the Internet of Things applications. What are some of the real-world scenarios possible with this technology?

• Your car could detect an engine problem, schedule an appointment with your mechanic, and let the manufacturer know about the problem, in case it has happened in other engines too.
• Your smart home could know if you’ve had a stressful work day could play soothing music and offer soft lighting when you walk through the door.
• Your refrigerator could let you know which groceries to buy—or order them for you.
• Your coffeemaker could know when you wake up and turn on at that time.

In these examples, none of the devices is acting alone. They are responding to and submitting data. The sensor in the car is connected to the mechanic’s calendar and the manufacturer’s log. Your smart home knows you had a long day because it is connected to your calendar. Your refrigerator is receiving data to know the food that might have rotten—and which food you like to have on hand. Your coffeemaker is connected to your wristband, to know when you wake up.

All of those scenarios make for an easier day for the consumer, but what about the enterprise? What does IoT mean to the commercial world? Plenty! In the world of the industrial Internet of Things, similar devices can track inventory to optimize when stock is on hand and re-ordered, streamline transportation by taking into account weather or traffic, and decrease mechanical breakdowns with predictive maintenance. Autonomous vehicles can deliver needed warehouse parts at the exact time they’re needed. The examples go on and on and on because the industrial Internet of Things is already underway—and businesses are already benefitting from it.

Why It Matters: Internet of Things Benefits  

Based on the examples of applications described above, you can see that IoT simply makes life better for the consumer and cost-effective for the business. And these two points of view are equally important, because you can answer questions about the Internet of Things benefits in one of the two ways: from the consumer’s point of view or from the business’s point of view.

• From the consumer’s point of view, IoT has the potential to streamline our daily activities, lower our utility bills (and energy usage), improve our healthcare, keep us out of traffic, and so much more. It has the potential to make our lives easier.
• From the business’s point of view, IoT has the potential to cut costs, increase efficiencies, improve customer service, speed up decision making, and so much more. It has the potential to be a competitive advantage and to reward those innovators who adapt to it first.

Pursuing a Career in IoT

The IoT transformation is already underway, and businesses can’t afford to ignore this, nor can they remain ignorant about challenges they will face as they adapt to IoT. But what about you as an individual? Should you be taking steps to prepare for this next Industrial Revolution? Possibly, if you’d like a career with a secure future and endless possibilities. ITIL® 4 Foundation offers plenty of jobs in part because IoT is not an industry or a specific technology, but a compendium of all. Therefore skilled professionals are needed in data and analytics, programming and ITIL, cloud computing and the TOGAF Standard, and programming and engineering. The list goes on and on.

If you’re interested in learning more, below are four ways to be part of the next wave of the Internet, although there are many more:

1. Learning ITIL—According to influencer Manuel W. Lloyd, ITIL is vital to the future of IoT, because of the additional challenges to stability, networking and security that will result. “With its proven framework for managing once disconnected things, ITIL is the best hope for the future of not just IoT, but the Internet itself,” he says. 
2. Learning TOGAF®—IoT is one of the technologies addressed by TOGAF®. The IoT standards from The Open Group will do for IoT what HTML and the HTTP did for the web, enabling everything to be connected instantly. A TOGAF® EA certification will give you the skills needed to work with IoT.
3. Learning Big Data—This one might be obvious, since IoT is based on data, and will generate massive amounts of it! Most organizations will have to adapt their technologies to be able to handle the large amounts of IoT data that will result from the Internet of Things. 
4. Learning Blockchain—The secure nature of blockchain might make it crucial to IoT.

Unlike some technologies that get predicted but don’t pan out, IoT will happen—already is happening. And soon we’ll be as accustomed to the connected devices and the data they share as we are now to email and Google. But it’s best to be prepared, whether for your own business or for your future job prospects.

The Open Group and TOGAF are registered trademarks of The Open Group.