Print in Python: An Overview on Print() Function with Examples

What Is Print In Python and What Is It Used For

In Python, the print() function is used to print the desired message on a device’s screen. The Print is always in a string format. If the print message is in other objects, it is first converted into a string before being printed. You can input single or multiple objects of any type. Before being printed the objects gets converted to a string

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Parameter Values and Their Use

Following are some parameter values in print() method:

• Objects: object(s) to be printed on the output screen. It is possible to print more than one object
• Sep: It stands for separator. It specifies the separating method for objects
• End: To specify the output that needs to be printed at the end linefeed /n I the default
• File: Any object having a write method by default it is sys.stdout
• Flush: It is a Boolean to specify whether the output needs to be flushed or buffered- represented by values true and false respectively. By default it is false

How to Call print()

The syntax of print() method:

•         print(*objects, sep=' ', end='\n', file=sys.stdout, flush=False)

Here’s how you call print() in python:

print("I love Python.")

a = 2

# Two objects are passed

print("a =", a)

b = a

# Three objects are passed

print('a =', a, '= b')

Here’s the output:

I love Python.

a = 2

a = 2 = b

Note: In this program, only the object parameter is moved to print function.

Example 2: print() with separator and end parameters

a = 5

print("a =", a, sep='00000', end='\n\n\n')

print("a =", a, sep='0', end='')

Here’s the output:

Explanation: 

•  ' ' acts as a separator which has resulted in a space between 2 objects in the output.
• '/n ' acts as an end parameter to indicate a new line which has resulted in every print statement output being separated by a new line 
•   It uses the file sys. stdout it prints output on the device’s screen
• Flush is at the default value, i.e., false which means that stream won’t be cleansed by force

How to Prevent Line Breaks

You can prevent a line break in Python by instructing that the next string shouldn’t be on the next line. For instance: 

print ("Hello, Friend!", end='')

print ("It is awesome to see you!")

Output

How to Buffer print () Calls

Buffering means collecting a certain portion of the output information in a temporary storage area and printing the output in bunches. It reduces repetitive writing and thus speeds up the program execution. You can set a specific limit for buffering. After reaching that limit the gathered bunch of data is printed to the output screen. This buffering process continues until complete information is consumed.

At the time of printing the printed matter is sent to the stdout pipe and the debugging information printed at the time of program crashing is sent to stderr pipe- like a traceback in Python.

Example

Here’s one of examples for buffering print() calls:

for buffer in range(30):

           print(buffer, end=" ")

It will print the output range of numbers starting from 0 to 29.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 …… 29

There are 4 values for defining buffering:

• Buffering=0: It disables the buffering
• Buffering =1: It means line buffering that works only with text files. A string of variable size acts as a buffer
• Buffering  1: It enables buffering for text as well binary files. The buffering value is specified in fixed byte size
• Buffering is not set: In this default state the buffering = -1

For binary files, it forms a fixed buffer size that obtains the value from io.DEFAULT_BUFFER_SIZE

Line buffering is used for interactive text files. For all other types of text, it uses the same buffering as is used in binary files

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How to Print Custom Data Types

You need to create a class for defining a custom data type in Python. For example:

Class Data:

Pass

D= Data ()

Print (type (d))

What is print() Debugging?

Debugging refers to checking the root causes of software defects or bugs and fixing the same with appropriate steps. print() debugging is the basic debugging form where the program execution path is followed until it starts behaving abruptly stopping unexpectedly or giving out inaccurate output at which point the specific problem with the code is figured out. It can be done by inserting relevant words in print statements or editing them for more clarity.

What is Thread-safe Printing?

In Python, multiple threads like functions, calls or tasks, can be run at the same time. Thread safety refers to a secured sharing of a code between multiple execution threads. The most practical way to ensure safe thread sharing is to share only the immutable objects, i.e., the ones that cannot be changed. It prevents the threads from modifying the object’s state thus eliminating the probabilities of consistency breaking.

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Conclusion

In this tutorial, we covered some of the key functions of Print() command in Python that you may be frequently working with in real-life instances. The tutorial included definition and parameters of print along with key functions like buffering, debugging and thread-safe printing among others. You can also enrol in our Python Certification training to get comprehensive learning of Python starting now. And in case you have any questions for us, drop a comment below and our python expert will get back to you at the earliest. Check out our next tutorial on Subprocess in Python.