ECMAscript vs Javascript: Key Differences [2024]

Introduction

Although they have different meanings, JavaScript and ECMAScript (ES) are commonly used synonymously in the web development industry. The computer language Netscape was first created in JavaScript to enable interactive content and engagement on web pages. The programming language that serves as the foundation for JavaScript, however, is defined by the ECMAScript standard equipment, which also offers instructions for the creation of different languages for scripting.

History of JavaScript

The history of JavaScript is intriguing, beginning in the mid-1990s and progressing to one of the most frequently used scripting languages for online development.

• JavaScript was first created in 1995

Originally known as "Mocha," it changed names many times before settling on "JavaScript" to capitalize on Java's fame.

• Collaboration with Sun Microsystems in 1996

Netscape partnered with Sun Microsystems to formally launch JavaScript in December 1995. This collaboration resulted in the presentation of JavaScript to the European Computer Manufacturers Association (ECMA) for standardization, giving rise to ECMAScript.

• ECMAScript Standardisation (1997)

The first formal JavaScript rules, ECMAScript 1, were published in June 1997. These rules ensured that JavaScript operated consistently everywhere.

• ECMAScript III (1999)

With a few enhancements, ECMAScript 3 was launched in December 1999. This version established a strong basis for developing websites and became the norm for many years.

• ECMAScript 5 (2009)

ECMAScript 5, which was published in December 2009, included more enhancements. It included elements like rigid mode, JSON compatibility, and further techniques for groups and items, making JavaScript more robust.

• ECMAScript 6 (2015)

Many new capabilities were added to ECMAScript 6 when it was introduced in 2015. With this version, developers can now access more contemporary tools like interfaces and arrow functions.

• Ongoing Changes (2016 onwards)

Following that, ECMAScript kept developing. Upgrading and adding novel characteristics, new versions continue appearing. 

History of ECMAScript

Since ECMAScript acts as the language's standardized specification, the histories of the two languages are deeply entwined.

• Beginnings of standardization (1996–1997)

There was an effort to standardize JavaScript at its creation in the late 1990s. JavaScript was first implemented by Netscape, which collaborated with Sun Microsystems to render it mainstream.

• ECMAScript version 2 (1998)

ECMAScript 2 was released the next year, in 1998. A few minor adjustments were made, including some clarification and bug fixes.

• ECMAScript 3 (1999)

The significant breakthrough came in 1999, with ECMAScript 3. This version had substantial enhancements and became the norm for quite some time, laying the groundwork for web development.

• ECMAScript 4 (Abandoned)

With ECMAScript 4, a major overhaul was attempted. However, the plan could have been more successful. This project was abandoned in 2008 due to debates and compliance concerns. 

• ECMAScript 5 (2009)

ECMAScript 5 was launched in 2009, bringing substantial enhancements to the language. JavaScript gained additional functionality, such as stringent mode, support for JSON, and new methods for working with arrays and objects.

• Ongoing Changes (2022)

The TC39 committee, responsible for creating these guidelines, always develops new features and enhancements to make JavaScript more robust and beneficial for web developers.

Differences Between JavaScript and ECMAScript

1. Definition

• JavaScript - High-level languages and interpreted programming languages like JavaScript are frequently employed in designing websites. JavaScript executions, such as those in web browsers, adhere to the ECMAScript requirements while including environment-specific functionality.
• ECMAScript - A standardized programming language specification is called ECMAScript. It acts as a model for languages of scripting and establishes criteria for their implementation.

2. Execution

• JavaScript - This term describes the language used in browsers and other settings. It has environment-specific functionality in addition to ECMAScript features.
• ECMAScript - ECMAScript is the abbreviation for the standardized scripting language, which is not dependent on any specific environment. 

3. Browser Compatibility

• JavaScript - Browsers use ECMAScript guidelines to execute JavaScript; nevertheless, browsers may differ in availability for the most recent ECMAScript features.
• ECMAScript - By offering a uniform collection of rules and norms, ECMAScript serves as a standard that ensures compatibility across distinct implementations.

4. Usage Scope

• JavaScript - Web developers utilize JavaScript, a programming language, for client-side and web-server scripting.
• ECMAScript - This is the name of the fundamental principle specification that outlines the fundamental characteristics of this programming language.

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Conclusion

It's critical for professionals, especially those aspiring to enhance their skills through a Full Stack Java Developer course, navigating the online building ecosystem to comprehend the primary distinctions between ECMAScript and JavaScript. Although these phrases are frequently used concurrently, they have different meanings and ramifications. The ECMAScript standard is implemented in practice by the computer language JavaScript. It contains extra functionality unique to certain settings, including web browsers and the characteristics described in ECMAScript. On the other hand, the standardized programming languages specification ECMAScript offers a set of standards and directives that scripting languages must adhere to. As a basis, it guarantees integrity and compatibility between different renditions of languages like JavaScript.

FAQs

1. How does ECMAScript relate to JavaScript?

JavaScript is based on the standardized programmable language protocol known as ECMAScript. The ECMAScript standard is effectively implemented in JavaScript.

2. Can all JavaScript features be found in ECMAScript?

Yes, to a great extent. The fundamental characteristics of the programming language are defined by ECMAScript, and JavaScript, which is an ECMAScript deployment, complies with these specifications. 

3. Why is understanding ECMAScript important for JavaScript developers?

Comprehending ECMAScript is essential for developers working with JavaScript since it offers a uniform collection of principles and directives that guarantee uniformity and compliance among various apps.

4. What is the role of ECMAScript in web development?

ECMAScript is important in developing websites because it provides a standardized framework for languages used in scripting, the most well-known of which is JavaScript.